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sentence 254
bráte lemma: brat 'brother'
form: m.sg.voc
tovà lemma: tova 'that'
form: n.sg.nom
źláto lemma: zlato 'gold'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
kogì lemma: koga 'when'
form: interrogative
ʾja+ lemma: ja 'I'
form: 1sg.nom
tébe: lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
dádoxь lemma: dam 'give'
form: 1sg.aor (pf)
níkoĭ lemma: nikoi 'nobody, none'
form: nom
ne+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
vidè lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
ʺO brother, nobody has seen the gold, when I gave it to you.ʺ
total elements: 10
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ROOT brate tova źlato kogi ja tebe dadoxъ nikoi ne vide
vocative(brate-2, vide-11)
det:ext(tova-3, źlato-4)
obj(źlato-4, dadoxъ-8)
mark(kogi-5, dadoxъ-8)
nsubj(ja-6, dadoxъ-8)
obl:iobj(tebe-7, dadoxъ-8)
advcl(dadoxъ-8, vide-11)
nsubj(nikoi-9, vide-11)
advmod(ne-10, vide-11)
root(vide-11, ROOT)bráte
brate
lemma: brat 'brother' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Punčo uses various plural forms, e.g. bratia, brate, bratii etc. CS commonly uses the plural form bratrija, a jā-stem plurale tantum handled a separate lemma (if a second -r- is present).
inflection: irregular
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 1
dependency: vocative→10
tovà
tova
lemma: tova 'that' search
The basic form reflects n.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers m.sg oblique forms togova (Pd-msg) and tomuva (Pd-msd).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -va
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 2
dependency: det:ext→3
źláto
źlato
lemma: zlato 'gold' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 3
dependency: obj→7
kogì
kogi
lemma: koga 'when' search
Often used by Punčo as a relative pronoun too.
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 4
dependency: mark→7
ʾja+
ja
lemma: ja 'I' search
A dialectal variant of az.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-sn
form: 1sg.nom
element 5
dependency: nsubj→7
tébe:
tebe
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sg
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
element 6
dependency: obl:iobj→7
dádoxь
dadoxъ
lemma: dam 'give' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
Punčo: 1sg.prs dademь, 3sg dade. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmia1se
form: 1sg.aor (pf)
element 7
dependency: advcl→10
níkoĭ
nikoi
lemma: nikoi 'nobody, none' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally. CS nikъtože is handled as a separate lemma.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pz---n
form: nom
element 8
dependency: nsubj→10
ne+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 9
dependency: advmod→10
vidè
vide
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 10
dependency: root→0