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sentence 135
ʾá lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
cr̃ь lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
stánu lemma: stana 'become, stand up'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
zar͛an+ lemma: zaran 'early morning'
form: f.sg.nom
ta lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
and the king woke up in the morning
total elements: 5
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ROOT a crъ stanu zarъan ta
cc(a-2, stanu-4)
nsubj(crъ-3, stanu-4)
root(stanu-4, ROOT)
obl(zarъan-5, stanu-4)
det:p_nom(ta-6, zarъan-5)ʾá
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→3
cr̃ь
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 2
dependency: nsubj→3
stánu
stanu
lemma: stana 'become, stand up' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
CS stati, 1sg.prs stanǫ, 2sg staneši
inflection: e-verb
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
zar͛an+
zarъan
lemma: zaran 'early morning' search
inflection: i-stem noun
prefixes: postlative za-
suffixes: n.pl.gen -ъ (?)
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: obl→3
ta
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: det:p_nom→4